Part II section 5-8 of the Energy Act 2019 mandates the Cabinet Secretary responsible for Energy to prepare an integrated National Energy Plan (INEP). Part of this function is actualized through bi-annual preparation of the 20 year Least Cost Power Development Plan (LCPDP) and 5 year Medium Term Power Development Plan alternately.

The plan is prepared by the power sector LCPDP Technical Committee which comprises technical staff drawn from the Ministry of Energy and Petroleum (MoE&P), sector agencies, and the Energy and Petroleum Regulatory Authority. The report is prepared through close collaboration between the power sub-sector agencies and institutions in a process that is coordinated by Kenya Power.

The process involves critical analysis as follows: Load forecasting, generation expansion planning, identification of target transmission network, estimation of costs and an analysis of their impact on electricity tariffs and eventually determination of the impact of the entire plan on climate change.